A rare first edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica has been published online to mark its 250th anniversary.
The first pages of Britannica were published in Edinburgh on December 10 1768, and few intact copies remain.
Subscribers were scandalised by engravings in the article on midwifery, and King George III is said to have commanded that the pages be ripped from every copy.
The Library’s Lucy Clement said: “Britannica holds a special place in people’s memories.
“Many donors to our appeal have told us how, in childhood, it piqued their curiosity about the world around them and helped with their homework in the days before Google.
“They are fascinating time capsules of human knowledge and society’s values at particular points in our history and with the public’s help, we hope to make many more editions available for free online.”
The first edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica was undertaken by three young men in Edinburgh – compiler William Smellie, engraver Andrew Bell and printer Colin Macfarquhar.
According to the publication:
– Humans were divided into five categories: European, American, Asiatic, African and Monstrous.
– The US state of ‘Callifornia’ was ‘a large country of the West Indies. Unknown whether it is an island or a peninsula.’
– The solar system had six planets (Uranus, Neptune and Pluto were yet to be discovered).
Rare books curator Robert Betteridge said: “Britannica became viewed as an authoritative source of facts about the world.
“Its first editor believed strongly in the democratisation of knowledge – that it should be accessible to all who sought self-improvement, regardless of background.
“We adhere to this belief at the Library, which is why we are working to digitise and make available as many early editions as possible.”
To view the online copy visit www.nls.uk
